Newspapers / The University of North … / March 10, 1920, edition 1 / Page 1
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The news in this publica tion is released for the press on receipt. THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA NEWS LETTER Published weekly by the University of North Carolina for its Bureau of Extension. tlARCH 10, 1920 CHAPEL HDLL, N. G. VOL. VI, NO. 16 Idiiorial Baard i H!. C. Branson. L,. B. WiVkOn, E. W. Knight, D. D. Carroll J. B. Bullitt. Entered as second-class matter November U, 1914. at the Postofflee at Chapel Hill, N. C , under the act of August 24,1912 FARM TRUCKS IN CAROLINA LOYAL ALUMNI The mid-year meeting of the President* ind Secretaries of tlie local alninni asso- dations of the University of North C«ro- ina was held in Chapel Hill on the even- ng of February 26. The following fnn- lamental forward-looking measures were idopted: 1. The policy of a salaried, full-time Vlumni Secretary who shall devote all )f his effort to the advancement of alum- li purposes. The Presiiient wa.s author- zed to appoint a committee to meet in taleigh within a short time to make defi- lite plans for securing such a secretary. 2. The holding of a conference of pres- dents and secretaries of local alumni as- ociations at Chapel Hill during the fall if each year. The officers of local asso iations are urged to make every effort to rtend each year. 3. The county alumni associations were rged to support the carrying through of he program for University development s set forth in tlie February number of he Alumni Keedew. 4. The suggestion for a general cata- Dgue of the University was lieartily en- lorsed and it will be brotigljt to the at- sntion of the local alumni associations, 'he alumni were urged to assi.st eiierget- jally (1) in securing data regarding lumni and (2) in the sale of the cata- Dgue locally. 5. The attention of the local alumni ssociations was called to the pressing eed for a new hotel at Chapel Hill, and he cooperation of tltese associatiotis is to e earnestly sought to this end. Those present for this ahinini confer- nce were: W. M. Hendren, Winston- alem; R. D. W. Connor, Raleigh; ,T. S. Cheshire, Jr., Raleigt); J. R Baggi-tt, Allington; Judge H. B. Stevens, Aslie- . • • Wote,' kia; J1. M. xjtidon, Raleigh; President H. \V. Chase, Jhapel Hill; A. H. Patterson, Chapel fill; Frank P. Graham, Chapel Hill; ,ouis R. Wilsoti, Chapel Hill; E. R. lankin, Chapel Plill; P. H.Gwynn, Jr., leidsville; C. W. Johnson, Asheville; '.O. Clarkson, Charlotte; C. T. Woollen, lhapelHill; Collier Cobb, Chapel Hill; . W. Umstead, Jr., Tarboro,; A. M. loates. Chapel Hill; Howard E Rond- haler, Winston-Salem; W. C. AVicker, lion College. The group of alumni officers present at he conference pledged in Irelialf of their Deal associations, and individually, the um of $1050 to carry on the work of the lumni office daring the time intervening letween February 26th and comnience- uent. and will establish during the 1920 sum mer school at Chapel Hill a public welfare school offering 12-weeks courses for social workers of every kind, and especially for North Carolina county superintendents of public,welfare, and public health nurs- Specialists of the Red Cross staff who have been training workers during the war will be sent to the summer school where they will cooperate with N. W. Walker, Director, and members of the University summer school faculty, and between them the courses in the new scliool will be arranged. Three specialists will be at Chapel Hill for the full time, a survey director and his assistants will come for part of the time, and special lecturers of national experience and rep utation will come from time to time. ‘Tt will be the only school of its kind in the Soutti,” said President Chase, in makingthe announcement, “and itmarks an important step in university develop ment. The rising tide of social conscious ness whicli has been sweeping over North Carolina and tlie South have brouglit our people face to face with new problems and new conditions. Tlie demand for trained social workers is more insistent in this state than ever before, and the Univer sity, with the cooperation and assistance of tlie Red Cro.^s, is making this effort to supply the need.” Public Welfare Courses COMMUNITY MUSIC New plans for the development of coni- aimity music in North Carolina are an- lOunced in a recent leaflet of the bureau f extension of the University of Nortii larolina, prepared by Paul J. Weaver, 'rofessor of Music. Defining community music as every- hing that will be of aid in making tlie ommunity musical, Mr. Weaver says hat the “sing” is the fundamental ex iression of community music, “for here veryone can participate, no matter what he age or creed, and no matter if some annot even carry a tune”. Tlie com- nunity chorus is tlie next step beyond Tlie scliool this summer will serve two classes of persons. Tlie full cour.-e of 10 weeks plus 2 weeks of Held .-service will be for social workers of every kind, coimnu- nity workers, playground directors, work ers in scliools, in ii.dusirial plants, in h’ed Cross home service, and in Y. W. C. A.’s. Instruction will consist of class room -courses and also special methods in case work and in field surveys. ' In addition to thrse general courses a 6-weeks training course lor the county superintendents of public welfare is being planned. Recent social legislation in Nortli Carolina has developed a large group of social workers witliout previous training or experience. This group tlie University is trying to serve with this course. Special systcm.s of instructioi’ are being arranged by the officials of the Red Cross and of the University and it is tlieir declared intention to train the coun ty superintendents by means of the best experience that can be found. Aiding and supplementing both these courses will be the second annual State and County Council which will be held again in Chapel Hill during the summer. It is expected tliat tliis conference will attract a large number of social workers of national reputation.—Ijcuoir Cham bers. THE CHAIN GANG SYSTEM he “sing” and beyond that comes the nen’s chorus, the community band, the ■ommunity orchestra, and otlier commu- lity instrumental organizations. Mass music such as this, Mr. Weaver says, has proved its importance in Amer- can life. “It is in its very nature dem- Kiratic. It is a most potent force in bind ing men together for a common cause and in forming and directing public sen timent. It is recognized as a vital factor n the present Americanization move ment”. Through the bureau of extension Mr. Weaver will be sent out to deliver lec tures on community music and to lead Donimunity sings throughout the state. He has already started at Chapel Hill a series of Sunday afternoon concerts, which liave been largely attended by stu dents in the University.-l.«noir Cham- The county cliain gang as it commonly exists in Nortii Carolina today is a blot on our civilization, said R. E. Boyd, of Gastonia, in his report to the North Car olina club at the University, at the meet ing called to hear the recommendations of the public welfare committee on re construction work in jails, penitentiaries, and chain gangs. The county chain gang is a primitive plan for punishing misdemeanants by county authorities, Mr. Boyd continued. It is unavoidably crude, often cruel, and invariably degrading. It effectually hin ders tlie reform of prisoners and their restitution to society as useful ettizens. It should be abolished. bers. [ another STEP FORWARD The South Atlantic division of the aaerican Red Cross arnd the University 5* : oith Carolina have pooled interests i Prison Farm Recommended Specific recommendations by the wel fare committee, of which T. J. Brawley, of Gastonia, is chairman, included the abolition of the county chain-gang sys tem, of the convict lease system, of turn key fees, and food allowances to sheriffs on the present basis. In their place the state prison farm was recommended for misdemeanants and felony convicts alike, together, with compensation to the fam ilies of the prisoners. Emphasis was placed on the indeterminate sentence, pro bation and parole. Theestablisliment of vocational schools was urged for all pris oners in care of the state. It is the job of the state to punish and reform, said Mr. Boyd. It is possible to the state, but impossible to local'iRuthorities. The committee also recommended that IN THE COUNTRY M. W. Brabham I was born in the country. God’s earth is to me a part of life. I like to dig. By digging I learn to think; I unearth strange sleeping silences; powers of thought fresh from the soil come forth to see God’s light and sky. Thoughts, like creatures, prone to rest all day—are made to move when I dig. I like to sow. By sowing, I learn to trust; God’s promises can ne’er be forgotten when with Him I maae things grow. He plants His word as I sow the seed; out of my life He bringeth fruit; weak though my will. He sendeth showers and sunshine which makes me believe and pray, and trust and serve. I like to reap. By reaping, I bring joy; I gather God’s promises in my hand and my heart goes out to Him for His goodness and mercies to all mankind. He makes His Word full in due season; golden grain and whit ened staple tell of His wealtli and pur ity. I like to live because to me it liath been given to dig and sow and reap. My closing days on earth shall be in tlie country; digging, sowing, and reaping; serving my fellow man from day to day; then at the close to know that friendly earth is receiving me back and that upon my resting place God’s sun and rain shall ever fall— this is, indeed, to make of tliat silence a sweet communion with all I have known and loved. some state body, such as the state board of public healtli or of public welfare should inspect the county jails at frequent intervals and report conditions to the judges of the circuit courts, tl.e judge to have power to enforce improvements and to send prisoners to aiiotliei county jail when the jail in the home county is in decently unfit. N?w Policies Special emphasis was laid by the com mittee on tlie success of the ^/risou farm plan for misdemeanants in Indiana. The penitentiary and farm for felony convicts ill North Carolina is doing well, said Mr. Boyd, but its usefulness could be increas ed by the institution of a few new policies. Among these were mentioned greater at tention to the diversification of crops and the oare of livestock, compensation to the prisoners’ families, and the teaching of farm trades, such as blacksmithing, farm mechanics, plumbing, orcharding and trucking, buttermaking and poultry farming.—Lenoir Chambers. TWO SOVEREIGN CITIZENS A $300,000 school bond issue was pass ed in a district near Cleveland by two lone voters. Snow kept the other voters away. Representative government has its obligations and non-voters here have no cause for complaint.—Oxford Public Itedger. THE KANSAS JAIL COUNTRY HOME CONVENIENCES LETTER SERIES No. 2 WATER POWER FACTS The power developed by falling water is dependent on two factors (1) the height of fall, called the head, and (2) the amount of water flowing, called the dis charge. The head is measured in feet, and the discharge is measured in cubic feet per second. The head or fall that is available is usu ally not known, unless there happens to be a steep water fall at the site. Usually an artificial head must be constructed by building a dam. Then the height of the dam will be the average head. The discharge is a very important quantity in considering possible power. It is very difficult to estimate on account of the fluctuation in the flow of the stream, which varies with the seasons, the rainfall, and the amount of vegetation on the drainage basin. For these rea sons a single observation of the discharge of the stream is of little use in estimating the power that can be economically de veloped from it. A few observations of discharge may, however, give sufficient information to enable intelligent esti mates of the power to be made when the long-time discharge of neighboring streams is known, when the conditions of soil, bed-rock, rainfall, etc. are consider ed. It frequently happens that discharge measurements for a period of years have been made on some river in the vicinity, and that these figures, when corrected by considering the factors noted above, may be used to furnish a reasonable estimate of power. In such studies, which should be made for developments of over 10 horse-powef, the University offers the free advice of the engineering faculty. By far the best figures to use for dis charge are actual measurements made on the stream it is desired to develop and extending at least over the driest part of the year. Single measurements of dis charge may be made by use of a current meter.—T. S. the D^triit Free Press, in a statement by Bishop Tucker, of Kioto, that Japan sent a special commission to the United States to study the influence of Christianity on the lives of American people. Their report on their return was ttiat “while education, commerce, and indus try have been developed to a wonderful degree, there is little evidence that the Christian religion is regarded as impor tant by most of the the people”.—Literary Digest. CHURCH DISUNION ABROAD Bishop Welldon, dean of Durham, En gland, declares in an interview that soi-i- ety is threatened by forces which repudi ate tiie Christian faith. The bishop has nst returnod from a confen nee on Oliris- tian reunion at Oxford whicti was attetid- ed by both conformist and non-confor- luist ministers. Tliere was a general agreement, he stated, as to the necessity of drawing churches together. “Ttie world is rocking under men’s feet,” he said. “Soeiety is threatened by forces which repudiate the Christian faith and tlie Christian moral code. The church runs a grave risk of losing her in fluence npon national life. The deca dence of regular church-going has long been a cause of anxiety. The statistics of divorces are alarming, and it may be necessary to rebuild human morals from the foundation. “Meanwhile the church is disregarded because she is divided. It is too much to expect that the world will listen to her when she speaks with many discordant voices. Unity alone will be the secret of her power. The same need which has driven political parties to coalition, drives reformed churches to federation. “The opportunity has come with the necessity. It is now or never. If eccle siastical statesmanship does not avail it self of tlie spirit excited by war, the chance of Christian reunion, of Christian intercommunion will be lost and may not recur in the life of the living people.”— The Associated Press. FARM TRUCKS IN CAROLINA There are 50,000 motor trucks in th* farm regions of the United States, owned by farmers and used for farm purposes alone, not counting trailers, or trucks used for general custom hauling or oft regular established routes. So reports tlie Weekly News Letter of the federal Dapartment of Agriculture, February 25, 1920. The table printed elsewhere in this issue is valuable mainly as an indi cation of the general distribution of such motor trucks. The farmers of North Carolina own, 1,450 motor trucks. The farmers of only 14 states own such trucks in larger num bers, and only two of these are southern states, Georgia and Texas. The Lone Star state owns some 200 farm trucks more than North Carolina, but it is five tunes larger. In the ownership of motor trucks the farmers of North Carolina rank right along with the farmers of the rich states of Indiana, Wisconsin, and Michigan. Here is a comforting indication that North Carolina is moving rapidly ahead in power machinery in larm regions; that she is moving up out of hand-farm ing on a small scale into machine farming on a large scale. We say comfortimr, be cause intensive crop-farming with expen sive human labor equipped with hand tools can never compete in net profits and accumulated wealth with expansive farming on larger areas cultivated by abundant horse and machine power. Herein lies the explanation of why the Carolina farm worker in 1919 produced gross crop values averaging only $828 as against $1,335 in Iowa and $1,341 in Ne braska. While the net profits in the farm regions nf these middle western states are maximum, the net profits in North Carolina and other cotton and to bacco states are minimum. Hand labor is expensive; its profits are largely consumed in the processes of pro duction. In crop-lien areas in average years expensive time-credit consumes pretty near all the net profits long before the crops are harvested. The jail situation in Kansas and prac tically all over the Middle West, and pos sibly all over America, ties itself up with rural politics. The city people are under a leadership w'ho appreciate the horror of the situation, and they may be moved. The American farmer does not care what kind of a jail is maintained at the county seat, just so he keeps out of it, and he thinks anybody who is in jail ought to be there. It will be pretty hard to move him, and he controls the finances of the county court house. About the only thing you can do is to make county afifairs more re.sponsiye to the more intelligent leader ship of the community.—William Allen White, in The Survey. WEIGHED IN THE BALANCES Missionary societies and church people of all creeds and denominations in .Amer ica can find material for thought, says MOTOR TRUCKS FOR FARM USES FEDERAL AVEEKLY NEWSLETTER, FEB. 25, 1920 A table valuable mainly as indicating motor truck distribution in farm areas for farm purposes alone. Motor Trucks 847 States Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware ,... Florida Georgia 1,808 Idaho 329 Illinois 2.261 Indiana 1,548 95 721 -1,019 804 357 100 380 Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine- Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri 2,065 Montana 359 2,773 1,732 818 310 435 596 661 1,636 1,255 957 States Motor Trucks Nebraska ; 2,939 Nevada 41 New Hampshire 283 New Jersey g62 New Mexico 104 New York 3 North Carolina 1,450 North Dakota 501 Oliio 2,261 Oklahoma 723 Oregon 359 Pennsylvania 2,760 Rhode Island 152 South Carolina ; 1,190 South Dakota 1,708 Tennessee 973 Texas Utah 2.73 Vermont 282 Virginia 3^128 Washington 532 West Virginia 455 Wisconsin 1,465 Wyoming 174
The University of North Carolina News Letter (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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March 10, 1920, edition 1
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